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Re: [dm-crypt] LRW has more data modification leakage than CBC?



I agree.

To be in concrete terms, with LRW you can create a dictionary of each
16 byte block, with EME or ABL, you can create a dictionary for each
512 byte sector.

CBC falls in between.


On Dec 25, 2004, at 1:53 PM, <laszlo@hars.us> wrote:

> Jim,
>
> It depends on what threat are you protecting against.
>
> If you are worried about losing your laptop computer or USB disk, data
> modification leaks are irrelevant. The thief has just one instance of
>  the data. In this case the large performance advantage of LRW is what
>  matters. It translates to battery life, heat, processing speed, etc.
>
> If your adversary sees the traffic to the storage device, with the
>  location unencrypted or encrypted with a fixed key, even EME or ABL
>  leaks information: if you write the same data to the same sector, your
>  adversary finds that. It happens very often at swap files, disk
> caches.
>  So if you are really paranoid, you have to use random nonces and key
>  agreement protocols to establish a new session key for each sector.
>
> If your adversary can examine the stored data often, all data length
>  preserving encryptions leak information: if the sector contains the
>  same data, which was there once before, the adversary learns that the
> corresponding original is the same.
>
> The advantage of EME or ABL is that a whole sector (typically 512
> bytes)
>  has to be repeated for no data modification leak, while LRW leaks at a
> repeated block (typically 16 bytes, 32 times more frequently). In
>  practice often large chunks of data repeat, so there is no huge
>  difference in security.
>
> Laszlo
>
> > -------- Original Message --------
> > Subject: Re: [dm-crypt] LRW has more data modification leakage than
>  > CBC?
>  > From: "James Hughes" <James_Hughes@STORAGETEK.COM>
> > Date: Sat, December 25, 2004 12:30 pm
>  > To: "<dm-crypt@saout.de>" <dm-crypt@saout.de>, "SISWG"
>  > <stds-p1619@IEEE.ORG>
> > Cc: "James Hughes" <James_Hughes@STORAGETEK.COM>
> >
> > This is correct. Using this "data modification leak" terminology, LRW
>  > has more, CBC less and EME none.
>  >
> > EME and ABL encrypts the entire sector as a single permutation. Any
> bit
>  > changed anywhere, the entire sector is changed. CBC leaks the point
> at
>  > which the change starts.
>  >
> > So, instead of going to CBC with it's problems, I would suggest EME
> or
>  > ABL.
>  >
> > Thanks
>  >
> > jim
>  >
> >
> > On Dec 25, 2004, at 10:45 AM, Adam J. Richter wrote:
>  >
> > >         I just finished reading Fruhrwirth Clemens's web page on
>  > >  Linux hard disk encryption settings, which is basically the
> > > first that I had heard of LRW, so I apologize if I'm missing
>  > >  some obvios point.
>  > >
>  > >         Regarding the "data modification leak" described in
>  > >  Fruhrwirth's page, it seems to me that LRW will leak
>  > >  more information about data content changes than CBC,
>  > >  since there is no chaining whatsoever in LRW.
>  > >
>  > >         Under CBC, an adversary with access to snapshots of an
>  > >  encrypted disk image can tell which encryption block within a
>  > >  sector is the point at which modification began, but cannot tell
>  > >  how many bytes after that point were modified.  For example,
>  > > if a sector was modified starting in the middle, it is
>  > >  impossible for an adversary to tell whether only one byte was
>  > >  modified in the middle, or if the every byte in the second half
> of
>  > >  the sector had been modified.
>  > >
>  > >         Under LRW, however, an adversary can see exactly
>  > >  which encryption blocks were modified and which ones were
>  > >  not.  So, for example, an adversary looking at snapshots
>  > >  of an LRW-encryptioned disk that is known to be a standard
>  > >  ext3 file system should be able to tell exactly which inodes
>  > >  have modified inode information.  I think that that additional
>  > >  resolution in the information leakage may be of some practical
>  > >  consequence in the scenarios to which the "data modification
> leak"
>  > >  issue would be relevant.
>  > >
>  > >         Am I misunderstanding something?
>  > >
>  > >         I do not mean to say that LRW is worthless.  I think
>  > >  the watermark attack that LRW avoids is more realistic
>  > >  problem than the "data modification leak", but I think that for
>  > >  my own use I'd probably prefer to trade a bit more CPU cost on
>  > >  my system given some other scheme that had the security of LRW
>  > >  without that resolution of data modification leakage.
>  > >
>  > >                     __     ______________
> > > Adam J. Richter        \ /
>  > >  adam@yggdrasil.com      | g g d r a s i l
>  > >
>  > >
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