Re: FW: SUO: Free vs. copyright (fwd)

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Hello Fritz, Enclosed the work that Bruce Jakeway and I did over the summer, aligning the top few hundred nodes of CYC and SENSUS. Using programs only as tools (some of the same ones from last year, some new), we did all the major work by hand. For some part of this, Sasha Zamler (a Linguistics grad student from Stanford) sat in on our daily meetings. Contents - alignment method - list of aligned concepts - strange things (bowties, cycles, etc.) - questions for CYC Method 1. Setup - we downloaded the CYC files and converted them to one large file in SENSUS format - we downloaded the MIKROKOSMOS files and converted them to SENSUS format - we extracted the relevant EDR files from the CD, identified approx. 5,000 concepts, and converted them to SENSUS format 2. Pre-alignment suggestions - we ran a set of algorithms that created alignment suggestions. One of them considered concept names (or substrings of names) with various rewards for substrings ending together, etc. Another considered concept definitions, de-morphed, counting the proportions of overlapping words, etc. - these suggestions we found to be more useful lower down in the hierarchy, as it turned out; the highermost parts are too abstract to support naming or definitional similarities well. 3. Alignment - taking the SENSUS Upper Model first (since we know it best), we went through it region by region, concept by concept, trying to identify the corresponding region(s) and concept(s) in CYC (and the other ontologies). To facilitate the search, we graphed out the various portions of each ontology and pored over them; we also did grep-like searches for likely

words through the concept definitions. - having completed a major region, we then went through the corresponding CYC region(s) (and those of the other ontologies), to see what we might have missed. - whenever we found a likely alignment we read both definitions, and displayed the environment of the concepts in question, so we could look at their parents, siblings, and children. If we thought the concepts should be aligned, we saved the alignment in a separate file. WIf we ran into a problem, we wrote it down. 4. Merging - having found our set of alignments, we created a new, merged, ontology, that consisted of all the concepts of SENSUS, plus all the aligned concepts in each of the other ontologies, plus all the aligned concepts' parents up to the top. (We decided not to include subnets in which no member was aligned to the SENSUS Upper Model, since they can be added later with no other effect.) We called this the Z@ ontology. Each Z@ concept contains pointers to the concept(s) in the other ontologies (C@, S@, M@, E@) that correspond to it. - we plotted out this Z@ merged ontology (in color, each source ontology a different color) and went over it region by region, looking for structural isomorphisms across ontologies. We found about 5 or 6 places where we realigned concepts (typically, very similar concepts that occur in different places in an ontology; quasi-mirroring seems to happen especially between the Object and the Attribute/Quality subhierarchies). - we identified places in which we could remove subclass links in some ontology since onther ontologies' concepts provided an intermediate path. We did not, however, snip anything. 5. Reporting - we created lists of the alignments of all the ontologies except EDR, crosswise (however, we did not do much between CYC and MIKROKOSMOS in the regions involving no SENSUS concepts). - we developed and ran algorithms to look for various problematic structural configurations, including bow ties, genls cycles, and sibling-neice patterns. We simply listed these separately. Current status The Z@ ontology at present contains all the SENSUS Upper Model concepts, plus the CYC and MIKROKOSMOS concepts that align with them, plus the ancestors of these. It contains a handful of EDR concepts too (the EDR ontology is hard to deal with; its structural breakdown is uneven. It requires a lot more work). It contains all the relevant superclass/isa links; nothing has been snipped. To move to the next step--paring down the Z@ ontology, adding in more from the upper regions of CYC and MIKROKOSMOS, removing bowties, etc.--requires some snipping, pruning, and possibly rearrangement. One cannot do this without access to the actual axioms that are inherited from concept to concept (this is thus mostly an issue for CYC; the other ontologies do not contain nearly as much inherited information). List of aligned concepts (C@ABOVE-DIRECTLY S@ABOVE) (C@ABSTRACTSHAPE S@SHAPE-QUALITY) (C@AFTER S@AFTER) (C@AGE S@AGE) (C@ANIMAL S@ANIMAL) (C@AREA S@AREA) (C@ARTIFACT S@ARTIFACT) (C@ATTRIBUTEVALUE S@QUALITY) (C@BEHIND-GENERALLY S@BEHIND) (C@BELIEFS S@BELIEVE) (C@BENEFICIARY S@RECIPIENT) (C@BETWEEN S@BETWEEN) (C@CAUSES S@CAUSAL-RELATION) (C@COLOROFOBJECT S@COLOR-PROPERTY-ASCRIPTION) (C@COMMAND S@COMMAND) (C@COMPLEXTEMPORALRELATION S@TEMPORAL-ORDERING) (C@CONTIGUOUSAFTER S@POSTERIOR-EXTREMAL) (C@CREATIONEVENT S@CREATIVE-MATERIAL-ACTION) (C@DESIRES S@WANTING) (C@DIFFERENT S@DIFFERENCE) (C@DISTANCETRANSLATED S@DISTANCE) (C@EVENT S@PROCESS) (C@EVENTOCCURSAT S@LOCATING) (C@FEMALEANIMAL S@FEMALE-ANIMAL) (C@FEMALEPERSON S@FEMALE) (C@FLUIDTANGIBLESTUFF) (C@FROMLOCATION S@SOURCE) (C@GASEOUSTANGIBLEOBJECT S@GAS-MATERIAL) (C@GEOGRAPHICALREGION) (C@GEOPOLITICALENTITY S@GEOPOLITICAL-ENTITY) (C@GREATERTHAN S@GREATER-THAN) (C@GREATERTHANOREQUALTO S@AT-LEAST) (C@GROUPCARDINALITY S@CARDINALITY) (C@GROUPMEMBERS S@ELEMENT) (C@HASATTRIBUTES S@INTENSIVE) (C@HASOWNERSHIPIN S@OWNERSHIP) (C@HORIZONTALORIENTATION S@HORIZONTAL) (C@HUMANBEHAVIORALATTRIBUTE S@BEHAVIORAL-QUALITY)

(C@ILLOCUTIONARYFORCE S@ILLOCUTIONARY-ACT) (C@INANIMATEOBJECT S@INANIMATE-OBJECT) (C@INFOTRANSFERRED S@SAYING) (C@INFRONTOF-GENERALLY S@FACING) (C@INSTRUMENT-GENERIC S@INSTRUMENT) (C@INTANGIBLE S@ABSTRACTION) (C@INTANGIBLEOBJECT) (C@INTENDS) (C@INTRINSICSTATECHANGEEVENT S@CHANGE-STATE) (C@INVERTEBRATE S@INVERTEBRATE) (C@KNOWS S@KNOW) (C@LANGUAGE S@LANGUAGE) (C@LEXICALWORD S@WORD) (C@LINGUISTICOBJECT S@LANGUAGE-RELATED-OBJECT) (C@LIQUIDTANGIBLEOBJECT S@LIQUID-MATERIAL) (C@MALEANIMAL S@MALE-ANIMAL) (C@MALEPERSON S@MALE) (C@MAMMAL) (C@MATHEMATICALTHING S@MATHEMATICAL-OBJECT) (C@MENTALOBJECT) (C@MODALRELATIONSHIP S@MODAL-PROPERTY-ASCRIPTION) (C@MOVEMENTEVENT S@MOTION-PROCESS) (C@NAMEOFAGENT S@NAME-OF) (C@NONPERSONANIMAL S@NONHUMAN-ANIMAL) (C@NUMERICALLYEQUAL S@EXACTLY) (C@NUMERICCOMPARISON S@NUMBER-FOCUSING) (C@OBJECTACTEDON S@ACTEE) (C@OFFER S@OFFER) (C@ORGANIZATION S@ORGANIZATION) (C@ORIENTATIONATTRIBUTE S@ORIENTING) (C@PARTS S@GENERALIZED-POSSESSION) (C@PATHWAY S@PATH) (C@PERSON S@PERSON) (C@PHYSICALATTRIBUTE S@MATERIAL-WORLD-QUALITY) (C@PHYSICALEVENT S@MATERIAL-PROCESS) (C@PLACE) (C@PLANT S@PLANT) (C@POSTEVENTS S@FOLLOW) (C@PRIMATE) (C@PURESPACE S@SPACE) (C@QUERY S@QUESTION) (C@RECIPIENTOFINFO S@ADDRESSEE) (C@SENSORYATTRIBUTE S@SENSE-AND-MEASURE-QUALITY) (C@SENSORYEVENT S@PERCEPTION) (C@SHAPEDESCRIBINGPREDICATE S@SHAPE-PROPERTY-ASCRIPTION) (C@SOCIALBEING S@SOCIAL-OBJECT) (C@SOLIDTANGIBLEOBJECT S@SOLID-MATERIAL) (C@SPATIALPREDICATE S@SPATIAL-RELATION) (C@SPATIALTHING S@PHYSICAL-OBJECT) (C@STARTSAFTERSTARTINGOF S@SINCE) (C@STARTSDURING S@TEMPORAL-NONINCLUSIVE) (C@SUBEVENTS S@SUBEVENT) (C@SURROUNDSCOMPLETELY S@CONTAINED) (C@TANGIBLESTUFF S@PHYSICAL-MATERIAL) (C@TEMPORALLYCOTERMINAL S@ANTERIOR-EXTREMAL) (C@TEMPORALLYSUBSUMES S@TEMPORAL-INCLUSIVE) (C@TEMPORALRELATION S@TEMPORAL-RELATION) (C@TEMPORALSTUFF S@TEMPORAL) (C@THING S@OB-THING) (C@TIMEINTERVAL S@TIME-INTERVAL) (C@TOLOCATION S@DESTINATION) (C@TOPICOFINFOTRANSFER S@SUBJECT-MATTER) (C@VERTEBRATE S@VERTEBRATE) (C@VERTICALORIENTATION S@VERTICAL) Strange things 1. Bow ties Bowtie: C@PRIMATE <--> M@HUMAN (C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE) (M@PRIMATE M@HUMAN) Bowtie: M@PRIMATE <--> C@ANIMAL (M@ANIMAL M@VERTEBRATE M@MAMMAL M@PRIMATE) (C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL) Bowtie: M@PRIMATE <--> C@VERTEBRATE (M@VERTEBRATE M@MAMMAL M@PRIMATE) (C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE) Bowtie: M@PRIMATE <--> C@MAMMAL (M@MAMMAL M@PRIMATE) (C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL) Bowtie: C@VERTEBRATE <--> M@MAMMAL (C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE) (M@VERTEBRATE M@MAMMAL) Bowtie: C@VERTEBRATE <--> M@PRIMATE (C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE) (M@VERTEBRATE M@MAMMAL M@PRIMATE) Bowtie: C@VERTEBRATE <--> M@HUMAN (C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE) (M@VERTEBRATE M@MAMMAL M@PRIMATE M@HUMAN) Bowtie: C@VERTEBRATE <--> S@PERSON (C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE) (S@VERTEBRATE S@PERSON) Bowtie: C@CONTIGUOUSAFTER <--> S@SINCE (C@STARTSAFTERSTARTINGOF C@STARTSAFTERENDINGOF C@CONTIGUOUSAFTER) (S@POSTERIOR-EXTREMAL S@SINCE) Bowtie: C@ANIMAL <--> M@VERTEBRATE (C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL) (M@ANIMAL M@VERTEBRATE) Bowtie: C@ANIMAL <--> S@VERTEBRATE (C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL) (S@ANIMAL S@VERTEBRATE) Bowtie: C@ANIMAL <--> M@MAMMAL (C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL) (M@ANIMAL M@VERTEBRATE M@MAMMAL) Bowtie: C@ANIMAL <--> M@PRIMATE (C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL) (M@ANIMAL M@VERTEBRATE M@MAMMAL M@PRIMATE) Bowtie: C@ANIMAL <--> M@HUMAN (C@PERSON C@ANIMAL) (M@ANIMAL M@VERTEBRATE M@MAMMAL M@PRIMATE M@HUMAN) Bowtie: C@ANIMAL <--> S@PERSON (C@PERSON C@ANIMAL) (S@ANIMAL S@VERTEBRATE S@PERSON) Bowtie: M@HUMAN <--> C@ANIMAL (M@ANIMAL M@VERTEBRATE M@MAMMAL M@PRIMATE M@HUMAN) (C@PERSON C@ANIMAL) Bowtie: M@HUMAN <--> C@VERTEBRATE (M@VERTEBRATE M@MAMMAL M@PRIMATE M@HUMAN) (C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE) Bowtie: M@HUMAN <--> C@MAMMAL

(M@MAMMAL M@PRIMATE M@HUMAN) (C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL) Bowtie: M@HUMAN <--> C@PRIMATE (M@PRIMATE M@HUMAN) (C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE) Bowtie: M@VERTEBRATE <--> C@ANIMAL (M@ANIMAL M@VERTEBRATE) (C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL) Bowtie: S@VERTEBRATE <--> C@ANIMAL (S@ANIMAL S@VERTEBRATE) (C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL) Bowtie: C@MAMMAL <--> M@PRIMATE (C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL) (M@MAMMAL M@PRIMATE) Bowtie: C@MAMMAL <--> M@HUMAN (C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL) (M@MAMMAL M@PRIMATE M@HUMAN) Bowtie: M@MAMMAL <--> C@ANIMAL (M@ANIMAL M@VERTEBRATE M@MAMMAL) (C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL) Bowtie: M@MAMMAL <--> C@VERTEBRATE (M@VERTEBRATE M@MAMMAL) (C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE) Bowtie: S@SINCE <--> C@CONTIGUOUSAFTER (S@POSTERIOR-EXTREMAL S@SINCE) (C@STARTSAFTERSTARTINGOF C@STARTSAFTERENDINGOF C@CONTIGUOUSAFTER) Bowtie: S@PERSON <--> C@ANIMAL (S@ANIMAL S@VERTEBRATE S@PERSON) (C@PERSON C@ANIMAL) Bowtie: S@PERSON <--> C@VERTEBRATE (S@VERTEBRATE S@PERSON) (C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE) 2. Sibling/neice patterns (only a problem if siblings defined as mutually disjoint) C@NONPERSONANIMAL (S@NONHUMAN-ANIMAL) has sibling C@INVERTEBRATE (S@INVERTEBRATE) from SENSUS, which is also its child from CYC. C@ANIMAL (S@ANIMAL) | \ |S C@NONPERSONANIMAL (S@NONHUMAN-ANIMAL) | /C C@INVERTEBRATE (S@INVERTEBRATE) M@LITERAL-ATTRIBUTE (S@LITERAL-ATTRIBUTE-ASCRIPTION) has sibling M@BINARY-ATTRIBUTE (S@BINARY-ATTRIBUTE-ASCRIPTION) from SENSUS, which is also its child from MIKROKOSMOS. M@ATTRIBUTE (S@PROPERTY-ASCRIPTION) | \ |S M@LITERAL-ATTRIBUTE (S@LITERAL-ATTRIBUTE-ASCRIPTION) | /M M@BINARY-ATTRIBUTE (S@BINARY-ATTRIBUTE-ASCRIPTION) Note: this algorithm only checks direct-parents, and doesn't look at intermediate nodes. 3. Genls cycles (maybe this is not strange to you?) Genls cycle: C@PRIMATE <--> C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT (C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE) (C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT) Genls cycle: C@PRIMATE <--> C@PERSON (C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE) (C@PRIMATE C@PERSON) Genls cycle: C@PRIMATE <--> C@ANIMAL (C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE) (C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL) Genls cycle: C@PRIMATE <--> C@SENTIENTANIMAL (C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE) (C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL) Genls cycle: C@PRIMATE <--> C@VERTEBRATE (C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE) (C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE) Genls cycle: C@PRIMATE <--> C@MAMMAL (C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE) (C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL) Genls cycle: C@PHYSICALPROCESS <--> C@PHYSICALEVENT (C@PHYSICALEVENT C@PHYSICALPROCESS) (C@PHYSICALPROCESS C@PHYSICALEVENT) Genls cycle: C@EVENT <--> C@PROCESS (C@PROCESS C@EVENT) (C@EVENT C@PROCESS) Genls cycle: C@MOTHER <--> C@BIOLOGICALMOTHER (C@BIOLOGICALMOTHER C@MOTHER) (C@MOTHER C@BIOLOGICALMOTHER) Genls cycle: C@VERTEBRATE <--> C@MAMMAL (C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE) (C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL) Genls cycle: C@VERTEBRATE <--> C@PRIMATE (C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE) (C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE) Genls cycle: C@VERTEBRATE <--> C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT (C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE) (C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT) Genls cycle: C@VERTEBRATE <--> C@PERSON (C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE) (C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON) Genls cycle: C@VERTEBRATE <--> C@ANIMAL (C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE)

(C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL) Genls cycle: C@VERTEBRATE <--> C@SENTIENTANIMAL (C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE) (C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL) Genls cycle: C@ANIMAL <--> C@SENTIENTANIMAL (C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL) (C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL) Genls cycle: C@ANIMAL <--> C@VERTEBRATE (C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL) (C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE) Genls cycle: C@ANIMAL <--> C@MAMMAL (C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL) (C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL) Genls cycle: C@ANIMAL <--> C@PRIMATE (C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL) (C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE) Genls cycle: C@ANIMAL <--> C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT (C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT C@PERSON C@ANIMAL) (C@ANIMAL C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT) Genls cycle: C@ANIMAL <--> C@PERSON (C@PERSON C@ANIMAL) (C@ANIMAL C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT C@PERSON) Genls cycle: C@STUFF <--> C@INDIVIDUALOBJECT (C@INDIVIDUALOBJECT C@STUFF) (C@STUFF C@INDIVIDUALOBJECT) Genls cycle: C@TEMPORALOBJECT <--> C@TEMPORALSTUFF (C@TEMPORALSTUFF C@TEMPORALOBJECT) (C@TEMPORALOBJECT C@TEMPORALSTUFF) Genls cycle: C@TANGIBLEOBJECT <--> C@TANGIBLESTUFF (C@TANGIBLESTUFF C@TANGIBLEOBJECT) (C@TANGIBLEOBJECT C@TANGIBLESTUFF) Genls cycle: C@MAMMAL <--> C@PRIMATE (C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL) (C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE) Genls cycle: C@MAMMAL <--> C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT (C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL) (C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT) Genls cycle: C@MAMMAL <--> C@PERSON (C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL) (C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON) Genls cycle: C@MAMMAL <--> C@ANIMAL (C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL) (C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL) Genls cycle: C@MAMMAL <--> C@SENTIENTANIMAL (C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL) (C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL) Genls cycle: C@MAMMAL <--> C@VERTEBRATE (C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL) (C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE) Genls cycle: C@INTANGIBLEOBJECT <--> C@INTANGIBLESTUFF (C@INTANGIBLESTUFF C@INTANGIBLEOBJECT) (C@INTANGIBLEOBJECT C@INTANGIBLESTUFF) Genls cycle: C@COMPOSITEPHYSICALANDMENTALEVENT <--> C@COMPOSITEPHYSICALANDMENTALPROCESS (C@COMPOSITEPHYSICALANDMENTALPROCESS C@COMPOSITEPHYSICALANDMENTALEVENT) (C@COMPOSITEPHYSICALANDMENTALEVENT C@COMPOSITEPHYSICALANDMENTALPROCESS) Genls cycle: C@COMPOSITEPHYSICALANDMENTALPROCESS <--> C@COMPOSITEPHYSICALANDMENTALEVENT (C@COMPOSITEPHYSICALANDMENTALEVENT C@COMPOSITEPHYSICALANDMENTALPROCESS) (C@COMPOSITEPHYSICALANDMENTALPROCESS C@COMPOSITEPHYSICALANDMENTALEVENT) Genls cycle: C@SENTIENTANIMAL <--> C@VERTEBRATE (C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL) (C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE) Genls cycle: C@SENTIENTANIMAL <--> C@MAMMAL (C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL) (C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL) Genls cycle: C@SENTIENTANIMAL <--> C@PRIMATE (C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL) (C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE) Genls cycle: C@SENTIENTANIMAL <--> C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT (C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL) (C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT) Genls cycle: C@SENTIENTANIMAL <--> C@PERSON (C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL) (C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON) Genls cycle: C@SENTIENTANIMAL <--> C@ANIMAL (C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL) (C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL) Genls cycle: C@BIOLOGICALMOTHER <--> C@MOTHER (C@MOTHER C@BIOLOGICALMOTHER) (C@BIOLOGICALMOTHER C@MOTHER) Genls cycle: C@PROCESS <--> C@EVENT (C@EVENT C@PROCESS) (C@PROCESS C@EVENT)

Genls cycle: C@TEMPORALSTUFF <--> C@TEMPORALOBJECT (C@TEMPORALOBJECT C@TEMPORALSTUFF) (C@TEMPORALSTUFF C@TEMPORALOBJECT) Genls cycle: C@PERSON <--> C@ANIMAL (C@ANIMAL C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT C@PERSON) (C@PERSON C@ANIMAL) Genls cycle: C@PERSON <--> C@SENTIENTANIMAL (C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON) (C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL) Genls cycle: C@PERSON <--> C@VERTEBRATE (C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON) (C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE) Genls cycle: C@PERSON <--> C@MAMMAL (C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON) (C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL) Genls cycle: C@PERSON <--> C@PRIMATE (C@PRIMATE C@PERSON) (C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE) Genls cycle: C@PERSON <--> C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT (C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT C@PERSON) (C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT) Genls cycle: C@TANGIBLESTUFF <--> C@TANGIBLEOBJECT (C@TANGIBLEOBJECT C@TANGIBLESTUFF) (C@TANGIBLESTUFF C@TANGIBLEOBJECT) Genls cycle: C@INTANGIBLESTUFF <--> C@INTANGIBLEOBJECT (C@INTANGIBLEOBJECT C@INTANGIBLESTUFF) (C@INTANGIBLESTUFF C@INTANGIBLEOBJECT) Genls cycle: C@PHYSICALEVENT <--> C@PHYSICALPROCESS (C@PHYSICALPROCESS C@PHYSICALEVENT) (C@PHYSICALEVENT C@PHYSICALPROCESS) Genls cycle: C@INDIVIDUALOBJECT <--> C@STUFF (C@STUFF C@INDIVIDUALOBJECT) (C@INDIVIDUALOBJECT C@STUFF) Genls cycle: C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT <--> C@SENTIENTANIMAL (C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT) (C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL) Genls cycle: C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT <--> C@VERTEBRATE (C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT) (C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE) Genls cycle: C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT <--> C@MAMMAL (C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT) (C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL) Genls cycle: C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT <--> C@PRIMATE (C@PRIMATE C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT) (C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@SENTIENTANIMAL C@VERTEBRATE C@MAMMAL C@PRIMATE) Genls cycle: C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT <--> C@PERSON (C@PERSON C@ANIMAL C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT) (C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT C@PERSON) Genls cycle: C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT <--> C@ANIMAL (C@ANIMAL C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT) (C@HUMANOCCUPATIONCONSTRUCTRESIDENT C@PERSON C@ANIMAL) Questions for CYC (or for SENSUS; not all of these are equally significant!) We would have liked to identify C@InduvidualObject with S@OBJECT, but couldn't because of the difference in definition. Yet by their position they look as if they should be merged. C@CommunicationToken = S@REPRESENTATIONALOBJECT ? S@ACTOR = C@ActorSlot ? -- too general (also S@ACTEE, etc.) = C@PerformedBy ? -- too specific C@InformationDestination -- in the definition, is the "communication" to be interpreted as the information itself, or as the action of communicating (which would include, say, the sending of a letter)? Same for C@InformationSource C@PureSpace = S@SPACE ? Seems like aprtial overlap C@Role -- is this a superclass of (most) S@TWOPLACERELATIONS ? C@GreaterThan -- why restricted to real numbers? C@AboveTouching / C@AboveOverhead both seem more specific than S@ABOVE C@CompositePhysicalAndMentalEvent = S@MENTALPROCESS ? No? What else? C@Holiday and C@HolidaySeason are under C@Event -- surely not correct? Why is C@LogicalConnective not a subclass of C@MathematicalObject? If C@Event is a superclass of C@Process, why is C@WeatherEvent a subclass of C@WeatherProcess? Generally, Events seem to dominate Processes. Is C@Person and superclass of C@Animal? What is the difference between C@Owns and C@HasOwnershipIn?