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SUO: Re: IFF LOT Glossary




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Robert & All,

Assuming for the moment that my last correction is correct,
let's see if we have enough data to make an example of TLC.

| Let's say we start with a formal language L c !A!*.
| Written another way, L in Pow(!A!*).  Thus, Pow(!A!*)
| is our first candidate for a "lattice of languages" (LOL)
| over the alphabet !A!.  Let's write LOL(!A!) = Pow(!A!*).
|
| A theory T is a just a subset of L, in symbols, T c L.
| Written another way, T in Pow(L) where L in Pow(!A!*).
| We need to know the relation now between T and !A!.
|
|       *         Pow
| !A! ----- !A!* ----- LOL(!A!)
|            |            |
|            c           elt
|            |            |    Pow
|            L   =====    L   ----- Pow(L)
|            |            |           |
|            c            c          elt
|            |            |           |
|            T   =====    T   =====   T

To formalize John Sowa's "Top Level Categories" (TLC), we take
a (descriptive or ontological) alphabet or lexicon of 25 terms,
!TLC! = {a_1, ..., a_25} = {"Abstract", ..., "Structure"}.

JA: We think of the alphabet as providing us with a "codebook", a filter,
    or a template, that we use to code arbitrary elements of experience
    that come to us from a source or space that we may call, without
    too much loss of generativity, "X".  So !TLC! determines a map,
    code : X -> TLC = <|!TLC!|> ~=~ B^25.  For any "predicate" f
    about the world X, that is, any f : X -> B, the code map
    induces a coded predicate code(f) : TLC -> B given by
    the equation (code(f))(code(x)) = code(f(x)) = f(x),
    given that the code map acts as the identity on B.

Given the open nature of X, this is the sort of equation
that can hold approximately at best, but I do not know
how to formalize that, or even whether it can be done.

        f
X o----------->o B
   \         ^
    \       /
code \     / code(f)
      \   /
       v /
        o
   TLC ~=~ B^25

(code(f))(code(x)) = f(x)

       code
X o----------->o TLC ~=~ B^25
  |            |
  |            |
f |            | code(f)
  |            |
  v            v
B o============o B
       code

(code(f))(code(x)) = code(f(x)) = f(x)

To get a language with the power of ZOL over !TLC!, we adjoin the extra marks:

   !M!  =  {m_1, m_2, m_3, m_4}

   m_1  =  " "  =  blank

   m_2  =  "("  =  links

   m_3  =  ","  =  comma

   m_4  =  ")"  =  right

Take the augmented alphabet !A! = !A!(!TLC!) = !M! |_| !TLC!.

There is a formal language L = !C!(!TLC!) c !A!*, a grammar for which is known,
and a parser for which has been written.  Each expression of L can be read to
denote one of the functions f : TLC -> B, conveniently called a "proposition".
For any f : TLC -> B, we also write:  f in TLC^ = (TLC -> B) = {f : TLC -> B}.
And, of course, by virtue of the fact that f : TLC -> B "indicates" a subset
of TLC, we can also read each expression of L as denoting such a subset.

      *         Pow
!A! ----- !A!* ----- LOL(!A!) = Pow(!A!*)
           |            |
           c           elt
           |            |    Pow
           L   =====    L   ----- Pow(L)
           |            |           |
           c            c          elt
           |            |           |
           T   =====    T   =====   T

As examples of theories about TLC, we spent some time looking at a couple, both
of which can be expressed as singleton theories, that is, as sets that consist
of single expressions from L.  We examined T_!a! = {!a!} and T_!c! = {!c!},
where !a! is shown in Table 20 and !c! is shown in Table 21, below:

Table 20.  TLC in Cactus Language:  Axiom !a!
o-----------------------------------------------------------------------o
|                                                                       |
|   (( Object      ),( Process       ),( Schema      ),( Script  ),     |
|    ( Juncture    ),( Participation ),( Description ),( History ),     |
|    ( Structure   ),( Situation     ),( Reason      ),( Purpose ))     |
|                                                                       |
|   ( Independent   ,( Actuality  ),( Form        ))                    |
|   ( Relative      ,( Prehension ),( Proposition ))                    |
|   ( Mediating     ,( Nexus      ),( Intention   ))                    |
|                                                                       |
|   ( Physical      ,( Actuality ),( Prehension  ),( Nexus     ))       |
|   ( Abstract      ,( Form      ),( Proposition ),( Intention ))       |
|                                                                       |
|   ( Continuant    ,( Object      ),( Schema    ),( Juncture      ),   |
|                    ( Description ),( Structure ),( Reason        ))   |
|                                                                       |
|   ( Occurrent     ,( Process     ),( Script    ),( Participation ),   |
|                    ( History     ),( Situation ),( Purpose       ))   |
|                                                                       |
|   ( Actuality     ,( Object      ),( Process       ))                 |
|   ( Form          ,( Schema      ),( Script        ))                 |
|   ( Prehension    ,( Juncture    ),( Participation ))                 |
|   ( Proposition   ,( Description ),( History       ))                 |
|   ( Nexus         ,( Structure   ),( Situation     ))                 |
|   ( Intention     ,( Reason      ),( Purpose       ))                 |
|                                                                       |
o-----------------------------------------------------------------------o

Table 21.  TLC in Cactus Language:  Axiom !c!
o-----------------------------------------------------------o
|                                                           |
|   (( Independent ),( Relative  ),( Mediating ))           |
|                                                           |
|   (( Physical    ),( Abstract  ))                         |
|                                                           |
|   (( Continuant  ),( Occurrent ))                         |
|                                                           |
|   (( Actuality     , Independent Physical ))              |
|   (( Form          , Independent Abstract ))              |
|   (( Prehension    , Relative    Physical ))              |
|   (( Proposition   , Relative    Abstract ))              |
|   (( Nexus         , Mediating   Physical ))              |
|   (( Intention     , Mediating   Abstract ))              |
|                                                           |
|   (( Object        , Independent Physical Continuant ))   |
|   (( Process       , Independent Physical Occurrent  ))   |
|   (( Schema        , Independent Abstract Continuant ))   |
|   (( Script        , Independent Abstract Occurrent  ))   |
|   (( Juncture      , Relative    Physical Continuant ))   |
|   (( Participation , Relative    Physical Occurrent  ))   |
|   (( Description   , Relative    Abstract Continuant ))   |
|   (( History       , Relative    Abstract Occurrent  ))   |
|   (( Structure     , Mediating   Physical Continuant ))   |
|   (( Situation     , Mediating   Physical Occurrent  ))   |
|   (( Reason        , Mediating   Abstract Continuant ))   |
|   (( Purpose       , Mediating   Abstract Occurrent  ))   |
|                                                           |
o-----------------------------------------------------------o

Jon Awbrey

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